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BMI: Understanding Body Mass Index
The Body
Mass Index (BMI) is also known as the Quetelet Index and is one method
to determine the correct weight for height of a given individual. It
was derived by the Belgian mathematician, Adolphe Quetelet between the
years 1830 and 1850 as part of his work in social physics. Using the
body mass index (BMI) formula provides a simplistic method to diagnose
potential obesity problems. Although it does not actually measure the
percentage of body fat, it is recognized by worldwide health
professionals as an effective diagnostic tool.
How to calculate BMI:
Figuring the body mass index is not difficult to do. In short, it is
simply the weight of the body divided by the square of the height.
Universal standards present the computations in terms of kg/m2: Of
course, there are convenient modifications that enable you to compute
your BMI in terms of pounds over inches squared. See the table below:
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SI units
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BMI =
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Weight (kg)
height2 (m2)
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UK/US units
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BMI =
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Weight (lb) x 4.88
Height2 (ft2)
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| BMI = |
Weight (lb) x 703
Height2 (in2) |
As you can see, the body mass index formula is very straightforward.
That is the primary reason that it has been so well received across the
planet. This method to determine potential health issues really gained
popularity amongst health professionals beginning in the late 1950s
when people from wealthy western societies started gaining weight at
unprecedented rates.
The BMI formula was designed to measure the potential for obesity
evident in physically inactive individuals with average body frame
sizes. It will not be accurate for those who are athletic and/or have
either smaller than or larger than average body frame sizes, bone
density, etc. For instance, muscle tissue is 15% denser than is fat
tissue and will therefore create a false obesity diagnosis based solely
on the BMI formula. The BMI formula measures the individual’s potential
for obesity based on the following parameters:
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Category
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BMI range - kg/m2
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Starvation:
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less than 15
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Anorexic:
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less than 17.5
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Underweight:
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less than 18.5
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Ideal:
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18.5 to 25
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Overweight:
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from 25 to 30
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Obese:
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from 30 to 40
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Morbidly Obese:
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greater than 40
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Example BMI computation:
By using the formula above, we will suppose that a given female of
average body frame size is not highly athletic. In fact, she like most
Americans lives a basically inactive lifestyle. We will assume her
weight to be 135 pounds and her height to be 5-foot 4-inches (64
inches). Plugging in the variables, we get:
BMI = Weight (lb) x 703/Height2
(in2)
which gives us:
(135) x (703) divided by (64 x 64) = 95,905
divided by 4096 =
23.17
23.17
would put our example lady in between 18.5 and 25 on the chart above,
putting her in the ideal body mass index range.
The body mass index has become somewhat of a standard for determining
the basic health levels of a given person. Even major insurance
companies will charge additional premiums for individuals over certain
BMI values. This of course can be unfair to the athletic, big boned,
etc as described above. It is also true that the vast majority of
people today are not athletic, in fact quite the opposite is true. The
BMI continues to be an effective predictor of obesity and therefore the
various health issues that are directly correlated with obesity.
Calculate how
many calories you need each day Understanding your body's
energy requirements can help guide you when making nutritional choices.
Use our complimentary tool to get an idea of how many calories your
body needs each day at your current activity level.
Body Mass Index (BMI): How
to Calculate BMI and What It Means The Body Mass Index is a
simple computation used as a predictor for obesity and has served as an
effective diagnostic tool for individuals and health care providers
since its invention by Belgian mathematician Adolphe Quetelet in 1840.
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